The Chemistry of Carbohydrates Worksheet

The Chemistry of Carbohydrates WorksheetStudents learning chemistry have the responsibility of completing a Chemistry of Carbohydrates worksheet. These worksheets contain the instructions and steps required to prepare various chemicals that are needed for chemistry projects. Using this type of worksheet students can practice and review many different chemistry concepts and make it easier for them to learn chemistry.It helps students to learn different types of chemistry quickly, easily and without difficulty. This allows them to be able to understand and analyze a chemical in a much shorter amount of time than other methods of learning.There are many different types of chemicals that can be found in nature. These chemicals often change in their form and function. This makes it extremely important for students to have a basic understanding of how different types of chemicals work.The main reason why so many people use these type of materials is because they are able to teach different types of chemicals in an easy to understand manner. They can give students all of the information they need to analyze chemicals and create many different products in a short amount of time.There are a few different types of materials that can be used to help a student to understand the functions of different types of chemicals. They can also give students the tools they need to create different types of products. The most important part of the ChemChem of Carbohydrates worksheet is the way it teaches students how different types of chemicals work.There are some other types of materials that can be used to help students understand how chemicals and different types of products are created. Students can use these types of materials to learn how different types of chemicals are created and how they work. This type of material provides students with very useful information in a very short amount of time.By learning about how chemicals and different types of products are created, studen ts will be able to create their own creations in a short amount of time. Learning about different types of chemicals in a large text book can take months to complete. By learning how to create products they can create products quickly and easily.With these materials students can learn about different types of chemicals, how different types of products are created and how the process can be automated. This is what makes the ChemChem of Carbohydrates worksheet an essential tool for students of all ages.

Educational Trends 2017 Maths Mastery

Educational Trends 2017 â€" Maths Mastery 2017 has arrived and with it come some great new educational trends that we, here at First Tutors, have been following. The first trend that we delve into this year is Maths Mastery; a programme that aims to improve understanding, enjoyment and attainment in Mathematics. Many children struggle with Maths and without someone to explain better or some home private tuition many students are struggling to attain at least a grace C in their Maths GCSE. An article in The Telegraph states: Figures published yesterday (25/08/2016) revealed that the percentage of pupils achieving a C grade or above this year saw the sharpest decline since the exams were launched in 1988. It goes on to say: The percentage of all students gaining A*-C grades dropped 2.1 percentage points to 66.9 per cent, as more 17-year-olds resat their English and maths qualifications following Government changes to the system. According to the reforms, all students must now achieve a C in GCSE English and maths, or they will be forced to retake the qualification. Why is Maths so important? Maths is not just a lesson children learn in school but a life skill needed throughout their lives; from learning to tell the time and counting change to making decisions later on in life such as mortgage rates, investment options and understanding data. It is a skill that we use everyday of our lives. Most professions use some form of Maths to perform their duties and the better understanding you have of Maths from a young age the easier life will be for you as you get older. Working out simple sums or calculating certain problems will not need so much of your attention leaving you able to concentrate on other aspects of your life. So, what is Maths Mastery? Maths Mastery is an approach to the way Mathematics is taught aiming to deepen mathematical understanding in all children. It is a professional development programme for teachers everywhere that also offers curriculum resources for classrooms and opportunities for collaboration between teachers. Mathematics Mastery states that: A mathematical concept or skill has been mastered when a person can represent it in multiple ways, has the mathematical language to communicate related ideas, and can independently apply the concept to new problems in unfamiliar situations. Maths Mastery aims to explore different mathematical concepts and understanding which mathematical approach would be the most effective in different situations. Children are encouraged to use visual aids and abstract ideas to represent various mathematical concepts and to apply knowledge gained to real-life scenarios. Key Principles The key principles of Maths Mastery are: Problem solving Children will build skills needed to solve new problems by grasping the relevant mathematical principles. High Expectations Children are encouraged to build up their confidence and resilience with the emphasis on the importance of maths in education. Concrete, pictorial, abstract Helping to instil their mathematical knowledge using pictures, objects, numbers and words to enrich their learning experience. Depth before breadth The great approach that children should be given the time to completely understand and explore what they have learnt before speeding onto new topics. Growth Mindset Understanding that a child's abilities can be developed and enhanced through practice. Mathematical language Introducing key mathematical terms and language to children helping them to build their language and reasoning skills. To Conclude Maths Mastery is an excellent programme that aims to change the way Maths is taught and bring fun and enjoyment to learning mathematics. Maths is an essential life skill that enables us to understand the world around us and enable us to lead a varied life, so any programme that aims to benefit children from all backgrounds and improve their mathematical skills can only be a good thing.

Should You Buy a Chemistry Diagnostic Test?

Should You Buy a Chemistry Diagnostic Test?A lot of people wonder if it is worth getting a chemistry diagnostic test. It's definitely a good idea, but a lot of things need to be considered before you make a decision. The cost of the test can vary from one company to another, so you may not want to go with the cheapest one.There are many different types of tests and they all have different cost ranges. A test for high levels of lead in the blood can run into thousands of dollars, while a simple urine test is relatively inexpensive. A basic test may run under $100, while more detailed tests can be between several hundred dollars and several thousand dollars. There are plenty of reasons to go with a basic test, however. Before you decide to do a test yourself, you should consider what type of results you want.For one thing, urine tests are always more accurate than the more complicated ones, as urine tends to come out more cleanly than other bodily fluids. Urine may even contain a bit o f lead that the other tests miss. Therefore, urine testing is one of the best tests to get. Even though it costs more, it will give you the most accurate results.On the other hand, a blood test can only tell you if there are certain levels of lead or other metals in your blood. Other types of tests that are available can measure the levels of lead in your body over time, which can help you choose the best treatment for you. If you are currently working with children or pregnant women, a blood test may give you the most useful information.There are tests that are for free and there are also some that you can take for a fee. Some of these include the HLA blood test, which can be done at your local pharmacy. This test, which is for the very specific blood group, can only be done once every five years, so the cost is relatively low and will probably save you money over the long term.A basic test is usually free and you can often get discounts for multiple tests. Other tests like the TCA P (a type of blood test) require a payment, and they can be a little more expensive. For example, if you have a high degree of resistance to drugs, a lab that takes your blood will need to have you have a complete drug test as well.Most companies will offer you a test for free to see what they can do for you, and they are open about this. If you are looking for a basic test or one that can be completed online, you can choose your own treatment for high levels of lead. Whether you choose a test that costs hundreds of dollars or a lab that costs pennies, there are plenty of options out there.

Choosing A Ruby Move Tutor

Choosing A Ruby Move TutorIf you are considering a Ruby move from one place to another and are interested in the details, then you might be considering looking into a Ruby move tutor. There are several different types of tutors that can be found. Some of them are by your own choice, while some of them are through a particular company.The first type of tutor you will find is to do with companies. In this case, you will usually have to pay an initial fee. If you don't like it, you can try to go elsewhere. It's quite common for them to give you a certificate that shows that you have received instruction from a tutor.Next, you may choose to go through a different company. These will charge a lot less. This method is more suitable if you want to learn a little bit about moving from another place to your own.Last, you could also look for a search. These are usually found online. Most of them will provide you with a selection of move tutors who are relatively new to the business and give yo u the option of selecting a tutor.With any type of decision tree, you will have to choose the best option for you. As you go through the options, you should go for the tutors that you are most comfortable with. You don't have to just pick up the phone and contact a person.Be sure to check the quality of the tutor before you sign on with them. Make sure that they are qualified means being properly trained. If they have a license or know how to provide instruction, then you know that they have trained well and were competent.If you don't have the time to learn this all on your own, then the best bet is to hire a tutor. Just make sure you get one that is reputable and trained to help you get through the process successfully. It could take some time, but you'll feel much better knowing that you chose the right one.

Express Yourself Italian Words and Phrases for Emotions [Infographic]

Express Yourself Italian Words and Phrases for Emotions [Infographic] Suzy S. Italians are an expressive bunch of people. Below, Italian teacher Liz T.  teaches a lesson in how to  express emotions using common Italian words and phrases The Italian language is one of the most emotionally expressive languages. In fact, Italians are not afraid to speak what’s on their mind, and certainly not afraid to show their emotions. Whether youre traveling to Italy or simply taking Italian lessons, its a  good idea to learn how to express your emotions in Italian.  Below are some Italian words and phrases you can use to express yourself and sound like a true native. Now that youve studied the various different emotions in Italian, its time to learn how to use these words in conversation. To express the phrase I am… use the Italian word  Sono See the examples below: Sono triste. (I am sad.) Sono arrabbiato. (I am angry.) Sono stanco. (I am tired.) Sono innamorato. (I am in love.) Remember, you must conjugate the emotion depending on who you are describing. Masculine words ending in  â€œO” should be switched to a feminine ending “A” and visa versa.  See the examples below: Lei è sorpresa. (She is surprised.) Lui  Ã¨ felice. (He is happy.) Lei  Ã¨ arrabbiata. (She is angry.) Lui  Ã¨ occupato. ( He is busy.) To get more familiar with using these Italian words and phrases in conversation, work with your Italian tutor on some fun exercises. For example, practice these words using flashcards or play a classic game of charades in which the teacher acts out an emotion then asks the student to guess the Italian word. Whatever activity you choose, be sure to practice these Italian words and phrases so you will be able to better express yourself when chatting  with a native Italian. Post Author:  Liz T. Liz T. teaches singing, acting, music and Italian lessons in Brooklyn, NY.  She is a graduate of the Berklee College of Music with a B.M. in vocal performance and has a graduate certificate in arts administration from New York University. Learn more about Liz here! Interested in Private Lessons? Search thousands of teachers for local and live, online lessons. Sign up for convenient, affordable private lessons today! Search for Your Teacher

52 Fun French Vocabulary Words and Phrases for Summer

52 Fun French Vocabulary Words and Phrases for Summer Suzy S. Summer, summer, summertime! Its the perfect time to relax and have some fun. Plus, its a season full of fun French words and phrases! Read on to learn some vocab from French tutor  Beth  L.   Summer is coming, and France is a wonderful haven during this time of year (if you can avoid the heat)! The weather is warm, and delicious, fresh food abounds. Children are on vacation from school, and many families take advantage of that to travel. For many, the allure of nature and the great outdoors is difficult to resist. What will you be doing with your summer? Beef up your vocabulary so you can tell your friends about it â€" in French! One of the first things summer brings to mind is the excitement of vacation and travel. 1) lété â€" summer 2) les vacances â€" vacation Note: les vacances dété â€" summer vacation 3) voyager to travel 4) un voyage a journey 5) juin â€" June 6) juillet â€" July 7) août â€" August Now, lets use these words in a sentence! For example Pendant mes vacances dété, jaime bien voyager! (During my summer vacation, I like to travel!) Je peux choisir le mois de juin, le mois de juillet, ou le mois daoût pour mon voyage. (I can choose the month of June, the month of July, or the month of August for my trip.) Many people enjoy the extra time and warmer weather to enjoy the outdoors. 8) le parc â€" the park 9) la pelouse â€" the lawn / grass 10) un pique-nique â€" a picnic 11) de la glace â€" some ice cream 12) la plage â€" the beach 13) le sable â€" sand 14) la piscine â€" the swimming pool 15) la mer â€" the sea 16) locéan â€" the ocean 17) un maillot de bain a swim suit 18) un lac â€" a lake 19) un bateau â€" a boat 20) nager â€" to swim 21) le Jardin â€" the garden 22) jardiner â€" to garden 23) une fleur / des fleurs â€" a / some flower(s) 24) une plante â€" a plant 25) un arbre  â€" a tree 26) la nature â€" nature 27) les montagnes â€" the mountains 28) dehors â€" outside 29) marcher â€" to  walk 30) courir â€" to run 31) jouer â€" to play Editors Note: Get a refresher on  conjugating -er verbs. Example sentences: Pendant lété, nous jouons souvent dans le parc. (During the summer, we often play in the park.) On prend un pique-nique pour déjeuner déhors. (We bring a picnic to eat lunch outside.) Jaime surtout le jardin denfants avec ses fleurs et ses arbres. (I especially like the childrens garden with its flowers and trees.) J’ai toujours aimé les bateaux. (I always liked boats.) Quand je suis à la mer, je fais du bateau à voiles. (When I’m by the sea, I go sailboating.) Quand je passe du temps à un lac, je regarde l’eau et les arbres, et j’écoute la silence.  (When I spend time at a lake, I look at the water and the trees, and I listen to the silence.) With the outdoors, of course, youll need to be able to talk about  the beautiful weather, as well. 32) le soleil the sun 33) la chaleur â€" the heat 34) le vent â€" the wind 35) les nuages â€" the clouds 36) le ciel â€" the sky 37) le sud â€" the south Example sentences: Quand on va à la plage, il faut se souvenir de son maillot de bain! (When you go to the beach, you must remember your bathing suit!) Comme ça, on peut courir dans l’eau et dans le sable. On peut se bronzer sous le soleil, sentir le vent sur la peau, et apprécier la beauté de l’eau et du ciel. (That way, you/we/one can run in the water and in the sand. You/we/one can tan yourself/ourselves/oneself in the sun, feel the wind on your/our/one’s skin, and appreciate the beauty of the water and the sky.) In addition to the words above, below  are some common phrases and expressions related to summer. 1) Je vais dehors Im going outside 2) Il fait chaud Its hot 3) Il fait du soleil Its sunny 4) Il fait beau Its / the weather is beautiful 5) Il fait du vent â€" Its windy 6) donner de lombre â€" give / provide shade 7) se limoger â€" to distance oneself 8) faire du camping â€" to go camping 9) faire du bateau à voile â€" to go sailboating 10) aller à la (f.) / aller au (m.) / aller aux (pl.) to go to 11) prendre lautoroute â€" take the highway 12) tomber en panne â€" break down 13) un coup de soleil â€" sunburn 14) prendre un coup de soleil â€" get a sunburn 15) se bronzer â€" to sunbathe / to get a tan Check the same regular verb list linked above for help conjugating the regular -er verbs on this list. Several more expressions use the verbs faire and aller. (Learn more about irregular conjugations here.) Example sentences: Aujourdhui, on a voulu se bronzer à la plage. (Today, we wanted to tan ourselves at the beach.) Mais on est tombé en panne quand on a pris lautoroute. (But our car broke down when we were getting onto the freeway.) On a perdu toute une journée dété! (We lost a whole day of summer!) So, what are your favorite French words and phrases for summer? Here are ours: As school lets out and the summer begins, dont be the first to lose your French â€" instead, continue  practicing with your friends while youre out having fun! Post Author:  Carol Beth L. Carol Beth L. teaches  French lessons in San Francisco, CA. She has her Masters in French language education from the Sorbonne University in Paris and has been teaching since 2009.  Learn more about Carol Beth here! Photo by  Tommie Hansen Interested in Private Lessons? Search thousands of teachers for local and live, online lessons. Sign up for convenient, affordable private lessons today! Search for Your Teacher

Solve Math Equations

Solve Math Equations In math there are various branches and different kinds of equations to solve. Algebraic equations contains numbers, constants, known and unknown variables, exponents to the variables. The study of algebra consists of solving for the known and unknown variables. There are different mathematical operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication and division used to solve the equations according to the requirement. Example 1: Simplify and solve for x in the equation 6(x 1) + 5 if x = 2? Solution: Given equation is 6 (x 1) + 5. Here the unknown variable which needs to be solved for is x. First step: Distribute 6 for x - 1. This gives: (6 x 6) + 5 = 6 x 6 + 5 = 6x -1. Now substituting x = 2 in the simplified equation 6x 1. This reduces the given equation to 6(2) 1 = 12 -1 = 11. Hence the solution is x = 11. Example 2: Simplify the equation 3 (x 20) + 4 (x + 1) - 10? Solution: Given equation is 3 (x 20) + 4 (x + 1) - 10. Here the variable is x; distributing the number in front of the braces. This gives 3 (x - 20) = 3 x 60; 4 (x + 1) = 4 x + 4. Combining the similar terms in the equation. This gives 3 x 60 + 4 x + 4 - 10 = 7 x 66. Hence the simplified form of the equation is 7 x - 66.

What Is Fusion Drumming

What Is Fusion Drumming The Features Of A Fusion Drum Kit ChaptersWhy Choose A Fusion Drum Kit?What To Look Out ForWhich Fusion Drum Kit Is Right For Me?If you want to learn how to drum, it may feel slightly overwhelming at first deciding where to begin.For instance, do you think you’d like to learn how to drum with electronic drums or acoustic drums? Knowing the types of drum sets available is just one of the hurdles to overcome.There are other questions you might ask yourself too, such as whether you’re hoping to learn to play a particular style, or if you’re just looking to learn how to master the basics of drumming and progress from there?Although it can feel as though there are lots of decisions to be made before you even start learning to drum, remember that you can always change your mind down the line â€" you’re not stuck with electronic drums for instance if you decide that you’d rather play acoustic!However, if you think that you might like to learn how to play on fusion-sized drums, then this article outlines what you s hould know.Fusion drum kits can work well if you plan on playing lots of different gigs. (Image Source: CC0 1.0, Free-Photos, Pixabay)Jazz fusion;Funk; orA combination of musical styles,You can certainly do so on a fusion drum kit.What’s more, you don’t have to be a novice drummer to play music on this type of kit â€" in fact, any ability level should be able to play on a fusion drum kit successfully!Ultimately, if you like playing different styles of music and would like to have a versatile drum kit, then a fusion kit could be right for you.Fusion drum kits can be great for beginners. (Image Source: CC0 1.0, Heyme, Pixabay)What To Look Out ForA fusion set is somewhere in between a standard rock n roll set and a smaller jazz set, with one of the greatest variations being the size of the bass drum.Its smaller size compared to a standard drum kit can make it easier to travel with and can also make it easier to tune. This can be helpful, for instance, if you gig regularly or have t o attend a roadshow.Below we highlight some of the main features that you might find in a fusion drum kit, including:The bass drum;The tom-toms;The snare drum; andThe cymbals.Although we outline some of the standard features that you might expect to see in these elements below, that’s not to say that there isn’t some room for personalisation if you would like to customise your kit in any way.After all, music is a form of self-expression, so don’t feel as though you absolutely have to conform to each of the standards below. Rather, see them as a guide and make your own mind up as to whether that particular type or size drum would work for you and your drumming style.For instance, if you'd rather use an electronic drum set to play fusion, then,  of course, you are free to, even if it may be preferable in some instances to use a dedicated fusion drum set.Check out Superprof to find some drum lessons.The Bass DrumArguably, the bass drum is the most important part of a fusion drum kit. It is the drum that has the deepest tone. Generally speaking, a fusion bass drum should measure around 20 inches, falling halfway between a jazz bass drum (usually 18 inches) and a rock bass drum (usually 22 inches).As a fusion kit tends to be smaller than a rock kit, it’s also common to see a fusion kit produce a quieter sound than a rock kit, which is something to bear in mind.The Tom-TomsA fusion drum set usually features three toms, the same number that you tend to find in a standard drum kit. However, the difference with the toms in a fusion kit is that they are generally smaller. Usually, you’ll see  10-inch, 12-inch and 14-inch toms.The Snare DrumAnother important element when it comes to a fusion drum set is the snare drum.Generally, you can expect to see a snare drum in a fusion kit measuring in at 14 inches. However, selecting a snare drum is a very personal choice. As a result, don’t be afraid to try out different snare drum sizes and shell thicknesses to find the combinations that work best for you.The CymbalsThere are plenty of different cymbals that you can add to your drum set to create new tones and personalise your own sound.If you’re starting to put a fusion drum kit together, one of the safest options is to start with buying two essentials â€" the hi-hat and the ride cymbal.When it comes to the hi-hat, you can usually buy one with a size of anywhere between 8 and 16 inches. However, when it comes to a hi-hat used in a fusion drum kit, you’re more likely to see one that falls between 10 and 14 inches.Equally, the ride cymbal usually measures between 18 and 24 inches, and will likely be the largest cymbal in your fusion drum kit. Bear in mind that in some fusion kits the ride cymbal might not be particularly durable. In such cases, have a think about whether it would be better to invest in a thicker cymbal that isn’t at as much risk of breaking with the slightest tap of a drumstick!Aside from the hi-hat and the ride cymbal, th ere are other cymbals that you could add to a fusion drum kit to personalise your kit if you wanted to. For example, you could add a splash or crash cymbal. Generally speaking:A splash cymbal measures between 8 and 12 inches; whileA crash cymbal measures between 13 and 22 inches.Regardless of what cymbals you end up choosing, try not to buy any cymbals before you’ve at least had a chance to try them out. This way, you’ll know that what you’re buying is best suited and personalised to you and how you would like to play.There are lots of different factors to consider when choosing a fusion drum kit. (Image Source: CC0 1.0, flockine, Pixabay)Which Fusion Drum Kit Is Right For Me?There are so many different ways to build up a drum kit. Often, how a person chooses a drum kit or how they decide to buy one will be a very personal decision.For instance, you might really value the ability to personalise your fusion drum kit as much as possible. In such cases, you might be better off bu ying each element of a fusion drum kit separately, so you have a chance to build the right sound and set-up for you.Equally, if you’re happy to work with a more standard fusion drum kit, you might find it much easier to buy an off the shelf kit that’s complete with all the standard elements you’d likely see in a fusion drum kit.What’s more, there are other factors to take into consideration, such as:How much room you have for a drum kit at home or in a studio;Whether you're a beginner, intermediate, or advanced drummer;How far your budget will stretch when it comes to buying a drum kit; andWhether you’re set on buying a particular brand, such as Mapex, Zildjian, Rolanda, Yamaha, or Gretsch.All of these elements end up making a drum kit choice incredibly personal, so make sure that when the time does come to buy your next drum kit, you think about whether you’re happy with the price you’re paying, what elements you’re getting, whether you want to buy any other instrum ents, and how comfortable you are playing with the kit.Looking for drum lessons in the UK? Superprof's got you covered.It's also worthwhile trying out the various items of drum hardware if you can before you buy them. Regardless of whether you're looking at buying a complete drum set, snare drums, drum head, drumsticks, a new pedal, or even a metronome or microphone, testing everything out is a great way to know whether it's the right purchase for you.Although it can take time finding the perfect percussion instrument for you, spending some extra time researching and trying out different types of kit can pay off in the long run.If you found this useful, why not check out our blog on how to drum without a drum set!

Learn Spanish Grammar Intro to the Subjunctive Mood

Learn Spanish Grammar Intro to the Subjunctive Mood Sign up successful So, whats next once  you can communicate the basics comfortably and confidently? Advanced students who want to take their knowledge beyond basic communication can now begin learning about the Spanish subjunctive, usually taught in the third, fourth, or fifth  year in schools or universities. To speak Spanish well, knowing when to use the Spanish  subjunctive is indispensable. Why the Subjunctive is Important to Learn It’s ubiquitous in the language. Using it makes you sound like you really know how to speak Spanish competently. It enables you to tune into and express beautiful subtleties of the language that aren’t so clear or simply don’t exist in English. It allows you to express your point or opinion with more specificity. It has been referred to as a key indicator that distinguishes a fluent speaker who merely “gets by” learning the language from  one who speaks it well. You cannot speak as proficiently as native Spanish speakers without learning it. So, What is the Spanish Subjunctive? Although its commonly referred to as the subjunctive tense in Spanish, its actually more of a mood, which acts as a category of tenses. Youll know when to use Spanish subjunctive when youre trying to imply an uncertainty about a given situation (more on this below). Conjugating the Spanish Subjunctive Conjugating the subjunctive is  similar to forming  formal commands  in Spanish. The steps are outlined below: Additional Examples To clarify and provide a reference point, let’s compare subjunctive verb conjugation to present indicative (normal) verb conjugation. Here are some key examples: hablar (to talk) vivir (to live) Here’s another example with the  slightly irregular verb llegar, meaning ‘to arrive.’ Here the a  turns into  ue,  instead of just e. (See my previous post on Spanish stem-changing verbs to clarify this.) llegar (to arrive) When to Use  the Present Subjunctive Llegar  will be the example used throughout the following 10 key contexts for using the  present subjunctive. Context #1:  When the subordinate clause has elements that express doubt or negation Es difícil que lleguen a tiempo. (It’s hard for them to arrive on time.) No creo que lleguen a tiempo. (I don’t think they’ll arrive on time.) Dudo que lleguen a tiempo. (I doubt they’ll arrive on time.) Context #2:  When the subordinate clause has elements that express desire, fear, judgment, or other emotions/feelings Ojalá/espero que lleguen a tiempo. (I hope they arrive on time.) Temo que lleguen a tiempo. (I’m scared they will arrive on time.) Es triste que lleguen a tiempo. (It’s sad they arrive on time.) Estoy feliz de que lleguen a tiempo. (I’m happy they arrive on time.) ¡Qué bueno que lleguen a tiempo! (It’s good they arrive on time!) Quisiera que llegaran a tiempo. (I would like them to arrive on time.) Es raro/extraño que lleguen a tiempo. (It’s odd they arrive on time.) Context #3:  When the subordinate clause has elements that express possibility Es probable que lleguen a tiempo. (It’s probable they arrive on time.) Es posible que lleguen a tiempo. (It’s possible they arrive on time.) Quizá lleguen a tiempo. (Maybe they arrive on time.) Puede que lleguen a tiempo. (It could be that they arrive on time) Note:  Many competent Spanish-speakers don’t employ the subjunctive in these contexts to consciously or unconsciously communicate less doubt in the possibility. Context #4:  When the subordinate clause has elements that express need Es necesario que lleguen a tiempo. (It’s necessary they arrive on time.) Necesito que lleguen a tiempo. (I need them to arrive on time.) Es preciso que lleguen a tiempo. (It’s essential they arrive on time.) Context #5:  When the subordinate clause has elements that express an expected pattern Es normal que lleguen a tiempo. (It’s normal that they arrive on time.) Es lógico que lleguen a tiempo. (It’s logical that they arrive on time.) Es frecuente que lleguen a tiempo. (It’s frequent they arrive on time.) Es razonable que lleguen a tiempo. (It’s reasonable they arrive on time.) Context #6:  When the subordinate clause has elements that express specificity Quiero una novia que sea guapa. (I want a girlfriend who  is pretty.) Context #7:  When the subordinate clause refers to a past event before it occurred [past subjunctive] Ya supe eso antes de que viniera Juan. (I knew that before Juan arrived.) Context #8:  When the subordinate clause introduces depends on the main clause Eso depende de qué hora lleguen. (That depends on what time they arrive.) Context #9:  When the subordinate clause directly causes or affects the main clause El clima hace que no lleguen a tiempo. (The weather makes them not arrive on time.) El clima permite que lleguen a tiempo. (The weather allows them to arrive on time.) Context #10: In some cases, when the subordinate clause introduces a fact El hecho de que lleguen a tiempo significa que  son  punctual. (The fact that they arrive on time means they are punctual.) It’s important to note that there are other important contexts where the subjunctive mood is employed that I didn’t mention here. Also, the subjunctive follows a whole new set of rules in the past tense (i.e. the past subjunctive). My goal here was to highlight the most common contexts for using the present subjunctive. A Spanish tutor  can really help you master this tricky yet indispensable aspect of the language. If you’ve learned the Spanish subjunctive, you clearly know your Spanish! Post Author:  Jason N. Jason N. tutors in English and Spanish in Fairfax, CA.  He majored in Spanish at UC Davis, lived in Mexico for 3 years where he completed a Masters degree in Counseling, and studied Spanish Literature and Psychology at the University of Costa Rica. Learn more about Jason here!   Photo by  Bill Dickinson Interested in Private Lessons? Search thousands of teachers for local and live, online lessons. Sign up for convenient, affordable private lessons today! Search for Your Teacher